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In Vitro Study of the Effect of Particle Characteristics and Flow Rate on Regional Deposition in Human Airways
Bělka, Miloslav ; Adamec, Vladimír (oponent) ; Farkas, Árpád (oponent) ; Jedelský, Jan (vedoucí práce)
Inhalation of airborne particulate matter can trigger or exacerbate pre–existing lung conditions. On the other hand, inhalation of aerosolized medicaments can be used for treatment of various respiratory or systemic diseases. In both cases, it is essential to comprehend the particle transport and subsequent deposition. The aim of this PhD thesis is to obtain new experimental data on particle deposition and elucidate the effect of particle shape and flow rate on deposition. The deposition of porous and fibrous particles in the realistic replica of human respiratory airways was studied. The porous particles were produced by various methods, such as spray–drying or liquid–liquid interface crystallization. The produced particles were introduced into the replica and the subsequent deposition was detected using spectrophotometry. The fibrous particles were produced by crushing glass wool material. To narrow the fiber size distribution, the resulting fibers were sieved and then classified according to their length using a dielectrophoretic classifier. The fiber deposition inside the replica was detected using phase–contrast microscopy. To speed–up this analysis, an in–house software based on image processing was developed. The results were utilized to calculate deposition characteristics. The deposition efficiency of both particle types increased with increasing Stokes number indicating a significant role of impaction. Comparing their deposition efficiency to that of spherical particles, porous particles exhibited similar deposition efficiencies, however, fibers deposited less efficiently than spherical particles having the same Stokes number. As the boundary conditions were sufficiently described and the replica is available in a digital format, the data can be also employed in validation of numerical simulations.
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Komplexní mechanický model plic
Chumchal, Ondřej ; Mišík, Ondrej (oponent) ; Jedelský, Jan (vedoucí práce)
Tato bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na rešerši dostupných modelů plic s cílem uvést možnosti rozšíření BUT modelu dosahujícího do sedmé generace větvení. Zabývá se hlavně rozšířením do nižších generací a okrajově řeší možnosti zahrnutí vlivů teploty a zvlhčení vnitřního povrchu. v rešeršní části byly vybrány dva přístupy, jejichž rozvinutím se práce dále zabývá, a to kuličkový a trubičkový model se záměrem zachování co nejpřesnějších bezrozměrných charakteristik – Reynoldsova čísla a poměrů obsahů a povrchů se skutečnými dýchacími cestami. Řešený přístup by mohl rozšířit model až do 12. generace a dále, však realističnost míry depozice nebo proudění daných řešení je třeba ověřit dalšími výpočty.
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Airway analysis of prematurely born babies based on X-ray CT and MRI scans
Lázňovský, Jakub ; Harabiš, Vratislav (oponent) ; Chmelík, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
The proposed Master’s thesis deals with the analysis and creation of airway models of premature babies. Firstly, the theoretical basis is discussed in the field of development of the respiratory system and the creation of airway models. Then the used imaging modalities are introduced, and methods for working with image data are described. The practical part of the thesis deals with the creation of airway models of three newborns. All of these models are based on clinical CT and MRI data of neonates born at 30 weeks of gestational age. In these created models, selected parameters related to the anatomical structure of the airways are further analysed. Based on the analysis of these parameters, a representative model corresponding to the airways of a newborn of a given gestational age was subsequently proposed.
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Komplexní mechanický model plic
Chumchal, Ondřej ; Mišík, Ondrej (oponent) ; Jedelský, Jan (vedoucí práce)
Tato bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na rešerši dostupných modelů plic s cílem uvést možnosti rozšíření BUT modelu dosahujícího do sedmé generace větvení. Zabývá se hlavně rozšířením do nižších generací a okrajově řeší možnosti zahrnutí vlivů teploty a zvlhčení vnitřního povrchu. v rešeršní části byly vybrány dva přístupy, jejichž rozvinutím se práce dále zabývá, a to kuličkový a trubičkový model se záměrem zachování co nejpřesnějších bezrozměrných charakteristik – Reynoldsova čísla a poměrů obsahů a povrchů se skutečnými dýchacími cestami. Řešený přístup by mohl rozšířit model až do 12. generace a dále, však realističnost míry depozice nebo proudění daných řešení je třeba ověřit dalšími výpočty.
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Airway analysis of prematurely born babies based on X-ray CT and MRI scans
Lázňovský, Jakub ; Harabiš, Vratislav (oponent) ; Chmelík, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
The proposed Master’s thesis deals with the analysis and creation of airway models of premature babies. Firstly, the theoretical basis is discussed in the field of development of the respiratory system and the creation of airway models. Then the used imaging modalities are introduced, and methods for working with image data are described. The practical part of the thesis deals with the creation of airway models of three newborns. All of these models are based on clinical CT and MRI data of neonates born at 30 weeks of gestational age. In these created models, selected parameters related to the anatomical structure of the airways are further analysed. Based on the analysis of these parameters, a representative model corresponding to the airways of a newborn of a given gestational age was subsequently proposed.
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In Vitro Study of the Effect of Particle Characteristics and Flow Rate on Regional Deposition in Human Airways
Bělka, Miloslav ; Adamec, Vladimír (oponent) ; Farkas, Árpád (oponent) ; Jedelský, Jan (vedoucí práce)
Inhalation of airborne particulate matter can trigger or exacerbate pre–existing lung conditions. On the other hand, inhalation of aerosolized medicaments can be used for treatment of various respiratory or systemic diseases. In both cases, it is essential to comprehend the particle transport and subsequent deposition. The aim of this PhD thesis is to obtain new experimental data on particle deposition and elucidate the effect of particle shape and flow rate on deposition. The deposition of porous and fibrous particles in the realistic replica of human respiratory airways was studied. The porous particles were produced by various methods, such as spray–drying or liquid–liquid interface crystallization. The produced particles were introduced into the replica and the subsequent deposition was detected using spectrophotometry. The fibrous particles were produced by crushing glass wool material. To narrow the fiber size distribution, the resulting fibers were sieved and then classified according to their length using a dielectrophoretic classifier. The fiber deposition inside the replica was detected using phase–contrast microscopy. To speed–up this analysis, an in–house software based on image processing was developed. The results were utilized to calculate deposition characteristics. The deposition efficiency of both particle types increased with increasing Stokes number indicating a significant role of impaction. Comparing their deposition efficiency to that of spherical particles, porous particles exhibited similar deposition efficiencies, however, fibers deposited less efficiently than spherical particles having the same Stokes number. As the boundary conditions were sufficiently described and the replica is available in a digital format, the data can be also employed in validation of numerical simulations.
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